Review Article
Extra-Intestinal Complications (EIC) and Manifestations (EIM) (Ocular and Pulmonary) among Patients with Crohn's Disease
Abeer S Ali1, Ashjan Bamahfouz2, Talal M Krema3, Enas A Alkhoutani2, Anas A Alkhoutani4, Rehaam M Wayani5, Alaa N Turkistani4 and Raneem M Wayani2
1Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qurra University, Saudi Arabia
2Ummul Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
3Herra General Hospital, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
4King Abdulaziz hospital, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
5Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
- *Corresponding Author:
- Dr. Abeer S Ali
Lecturer of Pathology, Department of Pathology
Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qurra University
Saudi Arabia
Tel: 00966563322591
E-mail: Abeershaker72@gmail.com
Received date: February 14, 2017; Accepted date: March 20, 2017; Published date: March 27, 2017
Citation: Ali AS, Bamahfouz A, Krema TM, Alkhoutani EA, Alkhoutani AA, et al. (2017) Extra-Intestinal Complications (EIC) and Manifestations (EIM) (Ocular and Pulmonary) among Patients with Crohn's Disease. J Gastrointest Dig Syst 7:494. doi: 10.4172/2161-069X.1000494
Copyright: © 2017 Ali AS, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
(CD) is an immune-mediated disorder of unknown etiology primarily affect the gastrointestinal tract with series of Extra intestinal manifestations (EIM) and Extra intestinal complications (EIC) that affects different organs and systems. In this review, we try to make stress on different previously reported frequencies of EIMs and EIC in patients with CD; from our point of view we make an overview on the ocular and pulmonary complications and manifestations that are related either to disease activity or an indication of the presence of CD. Sclerotis, uveitis and dry eye syndrome in previous healthy subjects with intestinal manifestation help in early diagnosis of CD especially in unexpected ages of the diseases. Further, work on pulmonary manifestations to make full explanation on whether pulmonary disease is secondary to the drugs or to the underlying disease process.
